European car manufacturers have announced a number of European battery gigafactories over the past 2 years. There are older factories, but the race is on to rapidly increase supply chains. Factories take a 2 years to build and they need supply of materials such as lithium or graphite. The manufacturers are signing up new miners for a range of minerals and battery manufacturers. They are looking for low carbon batteries and minerals such as graphite.
- Existing factories provide enough batteries for about 4m vehicles
- Newly announced factories could provide enough batteries for a 13m vehicles
- European existing vehicle demand is 20 million cars a year. Could 100% of all new cars be electric by 2025 / 2026?
Tesla is producing electric semi-trucks, which use more than 10 times the amount of batteries of an average electric car. Tesla in July 2023, announced plans to build a new factory, more than 30% larger than the existing factory. Various have expected that the battery production will supply cells for stationary storage applications like Powerwalls, Powerpacks, and Megapacks.
Announcements Does Not Mean Construction
In an article in June 2022, Energy Storage reports some European gigafactory projects “revising plans”. Lithium supply has been a limiting factor and some anticipated gigafactories are quietly revising their plans and may not open. Note that the annual figures in 2030 are still expected to be fives times’ higher than 2020 deployments (Delta-EE).
European Battery Gigafactories
| Rank | Company | Location | Start Date | Capacity GWh | Expanded | Cars | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | LG Energy Solution | Wroclaw, Poland | 2018 | 45 | 70 | 940,000 | |
| 2 | SK innovation | Komarom, Hungary, Plant 1 | 2020 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 100,000 | |
| 3 | Samsung SDI | Goed, Hungary | 2020 | 2.5 | 20 | 270,000 | by 2028 |
| 4 | Envision AESC | Sunderland, UK | 2010 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 40,000 | |
| 5 | Leclanche | Willstatt, Germany | 2020 | 1 | 2.3 | 40,000 | by 2024 |
| 6 | AMTE Power | Thurso, Scotland | 2022 | 1 | 5 | 70,000 | |
| 7 | Bollore | Ergue-Gaberic, France | 2009 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 10,000 | |
| 8 | Akasol | Langen, Germany | 2018 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 20,000 | |
| 9 | Liacon | Ottendorf-Okrilla, Dresden, Germany | 2019 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 10,000 | |
| 10 | Tesvolt | Germany | 2020 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 10,000 | Energy Storage |
| 11 | Samsung SDI Battery Systems | Premstatten, Graz, Austria | 2015 | 0 | Former plant of Magna Steyr | ||
| 12 | AMTE / BritishVolt | Blyth, near Newcastle, UK | 2023 | 35 | 35 | 470,000 | |
| 13 | Italvolt | Italy | 2024 | 35 | 70 | 940,000 | |
| 14 | BMZ / Terra & others | Karlstein, Germany | ? | 34 | 34 | 460,000 | |
| 15 | Morrow Batteries | Arendal, Norway | 2024 | 8 | 32 | 430,000 | |
| 16 | Listrom | North Rhine Westphalia, Germany | ? | 30 | 30 | 400,000 | |
| 17 | SK innovation | Ivancska, Hungary, Plant 3 | 2024 | 5 | 30 | 400,000 | |
| 18 | Zorlu / GSR Capital | Turkey | 2022 | 25 | 25 | 340,000 | |
| 19 | Tesla | Gruenheide, Germany | 2021 | 0 | 250 | 3,340,000 | Gigafactory 2022 |
| 20 | Northvolt Zwei | Salzgitter, Germany | 2024 | 16 | 24 | 320,000 | |
| 21 | Verkor | France | 2023 | 16 | 50 | 670,000 | |
| 22 | CATL | Erfurt, Thuringia, Germany | 2022 | 14 | 100 | 1,340,000 | |
| 23 | Microvast | Brandenburg, Germany | 2021 | 12 | 12 | 160,000 | |
| 24 | Northvolt Ett | Skelleftea, Sweden | 2021 | 8 | 40 | 540,000 | by 2024 |
| 25 | Inobat | Voderady, Bratislava, Slovakia | 2021 | 0.1 | 10 | 140,000 | |
| 26 | SK innovation | Komarom, Hungary Plant 2 | 2022 | 9.8 | 16 | 220,000 | |
| 27 | Automotive Cell Company (SAFT/Stellantis) | Hauts-de-France, France | 2023 | 8 | 24 | 320,000 | by 2030 |
| 28 | Automotive Cell Company (SAFT/Stellantis) | Kaiserslautern, Germany | 2024 | 8 | 24 | 320,000 | by 2030 |
| 29 | Samsung SDI | Plant 2, Goed, Hungary | 2021 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 100,000 | |
| 30 | Farasis Energy | Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany | 2022 | 6 | 16 | 220,000 | |
| 31 | SVOLT | Uberhelm, Germany | 2023 | 6 | 24 | 320,000 | |
| 32 | Lithops / FAAM | Teverola, Napoli, Italy | 2021 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 40,000 | (military, industrial and storage applications) |
| 33 | FREYR | Mo I Rana, Norway | 2022 | 40 | 540,000 | ||
| 34 | GSR Capital | Trollhättan, Sweden | 2020? | 25 | 340,000 | ||
| 35 | Panasonic | Norway | Not yet announced | 0 | MoU with Equinor & Norsk Hydro | ||
| 36 | Blackstone Resources | Braunschweig, Germany | 0 | Initially 100m battery cells | |||
| 37 | Akasol – Gigafactory 1 | Darmstadt, Germany | 2021 | 2.5 | 5 | 70,000 | |
| Totals | 346.95 | 1035.15 | 13,950,000 |
European Sites Map
Vulcan graphic shows the locations across Europe.
